Co-creation of risk in evacuation settings A risk governance approach to natural hazards risks

Evacuation of people due to the risk of natural or man-made hazard events has been a concurrent part of human existence since our conception as societies. Yet, as an effect of anthropogenic climate change, we are seeing an increased frequency and variance of these types of events and experiencing their cascading effects on society, such as more evacuations. At the same time, residents, experts and authorities all exhibit different understandings of the possibility and potential consequences of these hazards, which gives rise to ambiguity and tension as risk perceptions vary. In this study, we have interviewed residents, authorities and experts in four different locations that experience natural hazard evacuations: communities in the Karrat Fjord in Greenland facing the possibility of rockslides and tsunamis, which has led to evacuation and resettlement; Rauma in Norway and its possibility of rockslides and repeated evacuation; Longyearbyen in Svalbard; and Honningsvåg in Norway, with its seasonal snow avalanche risks. We have examined how consolidating different epistemic cultures and sociomateriality through the co-creation of risk reduces tension and improves the quality of risk communication of evacuation decisions. Successful evacuation is largely about consolidating the individual consequences of the evacuees and scientific knowledge into the risk picture.