“Do As Your Teacher Tells You!”: How Is AI Use Regulated in Nordic Higher Education Institutions?

This paper explores the AI policies, frameworks and guidelines established by Nordic universities (from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Swe-den). The Nordic countries share characteristics such as a strong infrastruc-ture supporting educational technology integration. The aim is to find similar-ities, differences and gaps between the guidelines of Nordic universities in order to make the guidelines more practical and useful for teachers and stu-dents. The theoretical framework focuses on guidelines and principles based on AI ethics, especially in higher education.
A content analysis was conducted on 39 documents from 12 universities. The analysis reveals two major themes in the documents: (1) Use of AI in Higher Education and (2) Ethical principles of AI in Higher Education guide-lines.
The Nordic universities share a commitment to leveraging AI responsibly while maintaining ethical, pedagogical and institutional integrity. The results of this study give valuable insights about what kind of issues should be con-sidered in guidelines of ethical AI in higher education, and how, in addition to principles, practical examples are also needed for both teaching and learning. The results show that more research, common discussion and collaboration are needed. Additionally, the absence of societal and environmental well-being factors indicates room for continuous development of the policies.