Pre- and post-educational course evaluation assessing evidence-based knowledge of low back pain among physical therapists in Spain

Background and aims: Low back pain (LBP) is the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorder worldwide, with physiotherapists being primary healthcare professionals in its assessment and treatment. However, the extent of scientific knowledge regarding LBP management among physiotherapists remains largely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the level of evidence-based knowledge among Spanish physical therapists in LBP management and to assess the improvement in knowledge following an e-learning course.
Methods: This single-arm pre-post study involved 1,350 physical therapists practicing in Spain who enrolled in an 8-hours e-learning course that provided state-of-the-art knowledge on LBP management. Participants took a 22-question test on evidence-based LBP knowledge in a randomized order before and after the course.
Results: 857 physical therapists out of the 1,350 participants completed the full course. Initial test results indicated that those who completed their education over ten years ago, had lower scores compared to those who graduated withing the past decade (P<0.001). After participating in the course, there was a notable improvement in knowledge among the participants, which helped bridge the previous gaps in error rates across different questions. Three months post-course, 474 participants responded to a satisfaction survey, with 93.9% expressing contentment with the course. Additionally, 87.6% reported gaining new skills that they could implement in their practice.
Conclusions: Significant gaps remain in the evidence-based knowledge of LBP management among Spanish physical therapists, despite the existing evidence, which may impact the quality of patient care. However, the e-learning course was effective in enhancing their evidence-based understanding and knowledge of LBP.